世界各国

Slovenia

Introduction to Slovenia

The Slovene lands were part of the Holy Roman Empire and Austria until 1918 when the Slovenes joined the Serbs and Croats in forming a new multinational state, renamed Yugoslavia in 1929. After World War II, Slovenia became a republic of the renewed Yugoslavia, which though Communist, distanced itself from Moscow's rule. Dissatisfied with the exercise of power of the majority Serbs, the Slovenes succeeded in establishing their independence in 1991 after a short 10-day war. Historical ties to Western Europe, a strong economy, and a stable democracy have assisted in Slovenia's transformation to a modern state. Slovenia acceded to both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004.

Government

Capital:

Ljubljana

Independence:

25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia) 

National holiday:

Independence Day/Statehood Day, 25 June (1991) 

Economy

Economy overview:

Slovenia, with its historical ties to Western Europe, enjoys a GDP per capita substantially higher than that of the other transitioning economies of Central Europe. In March 2004, Slovenia became the first transition country to graduate from borrower status to donor partner at the World Bank. Privatization of the economy proceeded at an accelerated pace in 2002-03, and the budget deficit dropped from 3.0% of GDP in 2002 to 1.6% in 2003. Despite the economic slowdown in Europe in 2001-03, Slovenia maintained 3% growth. Structural reforms to improve the business environment allow for greater foreign participation in Slovenia's economy and help to lower unemployment. Further measures to curb inflation are also needed. Corruption and the high degree of coordination between government, business, and central bank policy are issues of concern in the run-up to Slovenia's scheduled 1 May 2004 accession to the European Union. 

GDP:

purchasing power parity - $36.82 billion (2004 est.) 

GDP - composition by sector:

agriculture: 3%
industry: 39.7%
services: 57.3% (2004 est.) 

Agriculture products:

potatoes, hops, wheat, sugar beets, corn, grapes; cattle, sheep, poultry 

Industries:

ferrous metallurgy and aluminum products, lead and zinc smelting, electronics (including military electronics), trucks, electric power equipment, wood products, textiles, chemicals, machine tools 

Transportation

Pipelines:

gas 2,526 km; oil 11 km (2003)

Ports and harbors:

Izola, Koper, Piran

Airports:

14 (2003 est.)

 

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