世界各国

Togo

Introduction to Togo

French Togoland became Togo in 1960. Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, is Africa's longest-serving head of state. Despite the facade of multiparty elections instituted in the early 1990s, the government continues to be dominated by President EYADEMA, whose Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) party has maintained power almost continually since 1967. In addition, Togo has come under fire from international organizations for human rights abuses and is plagued by political unrest. Most bilateral and multilateral aid to Togo remains frozen.

Government

Capital:

Lome 

Independence:

27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship) 

National holiday:

Independence Day, 27 April (1960) 

Economy

Economy overview:

This small sub-Saharan economy is heavily dependent on both commercial and subsistence agriculture, which provides employment for 65% of the labor force. Some basic foodstuffs must still be imported. Cocoa, coffee, and cotton generate about 40% of export earnings, with cotton being the most important cash crop. Togo is the world's fourth-largest producer of phosphate, but production fell an estimated 22% in 2002 due to power shortages and the cost of developing new deposits. The government's decade-long effort, supported by the World Bank and the IMF, to implement economic reform measures, encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures has moved slowly. Progress depends on following through on privatization, increased openness in government financial operations, progress toward legislative elections, and continued support from foreign donors. 

GDP:

purchasing power parity - $8.257 billion (2004 est.) 

GDP - composition by sector:

agriculture: 39.5%
industry: 20.4%
services: 40.1% (2003 est.) 

Agriculture products:

coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (tapioca), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock; fish 

Industries:

phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement; handicrafts, textiles, beverages 

Transportation

Waterways:

50 km (seasonally on Mono River depending on rainfall) (2003)

Ports and harbors:

Kpeme, Lome

Merchant marine:

total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 3,918 GRT/3,852 DWT
by type: cargo 1, specialized tanker 1
registered in other countries: 1 (2003 est.)

Airports:

9 (2003 est.)